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    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">REA Press</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Null</journal-id>
      <journal-title>REA Press</journal-title><issn pub-type="ppub">3009-3732 </issn><issn pub-type="epub">3009-3732 </issn><publisher>
      	<publisher-name>REA Press</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">https://doi.org/10.31181/sa1120232</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group><subject>Linear programming, Artificial variables, Simplex method, Big-M method, Computational efficiency, Two-Phase process, Mathematical modeling.</subject></subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>A Paradigm Shift in Linear Programming: An Algorithm without Artificial Variables</article-title><subtitle>A Paradigm Shift in Linear Programming: An Algorithm without Artificial Variables</subtitle></title-group>
      <contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author">
	<name name-style="western">
	<surname>Edalatpanah</surname>
		<given-names>Seyyed Aahmad</given-names>
	</name>
	<aff>Department of Applied Mathematics, Ayandegan Institute of Higher Education, Tonekabon, Iran.</aff>
	</contrib></contrib-group>		
      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>29</day>
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>1</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© 2023 REA Press</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2023</copyright-year>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/"><p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</p></license>
      </permissions>
      <related-article related-article-type="companion" vol="2" page="e235" id="RA1" ext-link-type="pmc">
			<article-title>A Paradigm Shift in Linear Programming: An Algorithm without Artificial Variables</article-title>
      </related-article>
	  <abstract abstract-type="toc">
		<p>
			Linear Programming (LP) is pivotal in operations research across various domains. The standard simplex method, while effective, faces challenges initializing when inequality constraints exist, often necessitating artificial variables. This paper presents a paradigm-shifting approach—eliminating artificial variables. The new method simplifies LP by leveraging negative and positive variables, saving significant time and resources compared to traditional Two-Phase and Big-M methods. A numerical example confirms our approach's superior efficiency and speed. This innovation promises to transform LP problem-solving, eliminating artificial variable burdens and streamlining computations.
		</p>
		</abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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